Prisms

Sir Isaac Newton studied how light passes through a prism, and he also identified the colors that make up the visible spectrum, which are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. A prism is an optical element that is transparent and has flat, polished surfaces, which can be used to cause light to refract. A prism must have at least two surfaces with a specific angle between them. The degree of the angle determines the degree at which the light's path bends. A dispersive prism disperses light into the visible spectrum or spectral colors, which are the colors of the rainbow. How we perceive these colors involves opponent neurons in the retina that are stimulated by incoming light. The brain then receives a message to perceive the color. Some colors consist of hue combinations that have light frequencies that the human eye automatically cancels out. Examples of these forbidden colors include red-green and yellow-blue. When these combinations occur, the brain decodes them by canceling one of the component parts, so they're not perceived simultaneously.

Isaac Newton

When the Great Plague of London ravaged through the British city beginning in 1665, Issac Newton was a student at Trinity College, Cambridge. The 23-year-old went home to his family farm of Woolsthorpe Manor. Along with being located a safe distance from the carriers of the horrific disease that was wiping out the population of the city, Woolsthorpe provided the sort of quiet, serene environment that allowed a mind like Newton's to journey, uninterrupted, to the farthest reaches of the imagination. This period is now known as annus mirabilis – the "year of wonders."

He used his time, to come up with the famous Apple Falling that is what we now know as Gravity.

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